Category Archives: Science & Technology

Lalji Singh, ‘father of DNA fingerprinting in India,’ passes away

A file picture of Lalji Singh, former Director of the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, in Hyderabad. | Photo Credit: Nagara Gopal

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath condoled Lalji Singh’s death.

Eminent scientist and ‘father of DNA fingerprinting in India’ Lalji Singh died following a heart attack on Sunday. He was 70.

Dr. Singh was one of the leaders instrumental in making DNA fingerprinting mainstream in India, both at the level of research as well as for forensic applications.

This was after techniques advanced by him led to DNA profiling being used to establish parentage as well as solve some high profile crime cases in India.

Based on his work he was tasked by the government — in the late 1990s — to establish the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) with a mandate of making it a nodal centre for DNA fingerprinting and diagnostics for all species and several diseases.

He also set up a slew of dedicated labs that worked on several aspects of genetics such as population biology, structural biology and transgenic research.

Dr. Singh served as a director at the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in Hyderabad from 1998 to 2009.

He went on to become Vice Chancellor of the Banaras Hindu University (2001 – 2014), his alma mater.

Until recently, he was active in the Genome Foundation, a non-profit organisation that aims to diagnose and treat genetic disorders affecting the underprivileged, especially from rural India.

PTI adds…

“He complained of chest pain when he reached the Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport to board a flight for Delhi. He was taken to the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) Trauma Centre from there but he could not be saved,” O P Upadhyaya, chief medical superintendent of the Sunder Lal hospital in the BHU, said.

Singh, the 25th vice chancellor of the BHU, hailed from neighbouring Jaunpur district’s Kalvari village.

He was also an alumnus of the BHU and completed his BSc, MSc and PhD degrees from there.

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath condoled Singh’s death.

“Lalji Singh was the father of DNA fingerprinting. The country has lost a great educationist and scientist after his death,” he said.

Singh was also the recipient of the prestigious Padma Shri award.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> Sci-Tech> Science / by Special Correspondent / Varanasi – Lucknow, (U.P.) / December 11th, 2017

Samsung Innovation Awards 2017 held at IIT-Kanpur to recognize young innovators with path-breaking ideas

New Delhi [India] (ANI-NewsVoir):

Samsung India conducted the 7th edition of the annual Samsung Innovation Awards at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur in association with Entrepreneurship Cell.

Samsung Innovation Awards aim to recognize and reward innovations that have the potential to revolutionize everyday living and enable students to take their ideas to the next level.

The first prize went to the team that included Kshitij Jaggi, Kumar Shivang and Rishabh Sahu who worked on a peer to peer financial transaction app using Blockchain technology in a distributed environment. The vision of the team is to enable financial inclusion of chit fund subscribers with Circle, a mobile ?rst solution for organisers to easily manage the members, bringing in transparency in the whole process and creating credit history for all Indians.

Insomniatec, comprising students Kaustubh Mundra and Sankalp Rastogi, won the second prize for proposing a project that uses an infra-red camera coupled with computer vision technology to detect drowsiness in a vehicle driver while in motion and provides in-time alerts.

One of the projects, Muskan Solid Waste, consisting Hari Shankar and co-founder Mewa Lal found a special mention at the awards. This is a start-up that converts organic waste into high yielding compost. The technique used reduces time for composting and produces more efficient manure compared to artificial fertilizers.

The awards were presented by Dr. Aloknath De, Chief Technology Officer, Samsung R&D Institute, India Bangalore (SRI-B). The winners were given cash prizes worth Rs. 2.5 lakh while the five finalists received merit recognition from Samsung.

Samsung Innovation Awards 2017 saw an overwhelming response, with eight teams getting an opportunity to present their ideas to the jury comprising Dr. Aloknath De from SRI-B and professors from IIT-Kanpur – Dr. Amitabha Bandyopadhyay from the Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering (BSBE), Prof. Sandeep Shukla from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering from IIT Kanpur.

Samsung R&D Institute Bangalore will engage with the award winners to further develop their innovations.

“Through the platform of Samsung Innovation Awards, we want to encourage students to work on innovative ideas in evolving areas of artificial intelligence, computer vision and IOT. When we see diverse and quality projects in these emerging technology areas, we can sense the pulse of our youth. Novelty of ideas, comprehensiveness in execution and impact of solution are yardsticks in selecting the winners. Samsung has been supporting deep-tech innovation at large and this year’s event in IIT-Kanpur is one such initiative,” said Dr. Aloknath De, Chief Technology Officer, Samsung R&D Institute, India – Bangalore.

Cutting-edge innovations were showcased at the competition. The innovative product ideas and solutions presented this year ranged from a cloud-based healthcare data management system to an intelligence platform for law enforcement and defence agencies.

“Innovation and entrepreneurship ought to become an integral part of institutions of academic and higher technical learnings. We must quickly transform into an innovation driven society where young minds understand societal needs, carve out opportunities and take calculated risks to become job creators and leaders. We are happy that corporates such as Samsung are coming forward to help us create the desired ecosystem at IIT Kanpur,” said Sameer Khandekar, Associate Dean, Innovation and Incubation, IIT Kanpur.

The 2017 edition of the Samsung Innovation Awards was initiated at IIT-Kanpur campus six months ago through an open entry process, where students submitted their innovative ideas. The shortlisting process was led by professors from IIT-Kanpur and researchers from SRI-B, who also selected the eight finalists.

The final teams presented their ideas to the jury at the IIT-Kanpur campus. The winning project was selected based on the degree of innovation, feasibility, usability, relevance and overall impact on masses.

Conceptualised in 2011, the Samsung Innovation Awards seek to support and encourage young talent who have an innovative approach and look to improvise different systems and processes. Further, it aims to develop indigenous products and services for fulfilling mass needs thereby transforming lives and creating sustainable solutions for the benefit of the society at large.

Over the years, Samsung Innovation Awards have become one of the most eagerly awaited ideation contests at IIT’s due to enthusiastic participation from the student community.

The first edition was conducted at IIT Delhi and since then Samsung Innovation Awards have been held at other major IITs. The last edition in 2016 was held at IIT Bombay and had witnessed great interest and enthusiasm from students. Samsung continues to provide the next generation of Indian innovators and entrepreneurs an avenue to showcase and advance their engineering skill sets. (ANI-NewsVoir)

source: http://www.aninews.in / ANI / Home / November 16th, 2017

Dutch expertise for UP to increase milk productivity, conserve water

Lucknow :

Dairy farmers and workers at Kanpur leather clusters will now learn methods to increase milk productivity and conserve water respectively, by the technology and expertise being brought in by the Dutch government. As a continuation of the memorandum of understanding (MOU) signed between Netherlands and the Uttar Pradesh (UP) government in 2016, two new projects were launched by the Dutch Ambassador on Monday.

The Dutch delegation including ten companies with an investment interest in the state will be meeting up with chief minister Adityanath Yogi in Lucknow on Tuesday.

n a joint co-operation between Dutch company PUM, and Tasty Dairy in Kanpur, a centre of excellence will be set up, targeting an increase in processing of butter, cheese and ghee.

“Currently India processes only 10% of its milk into products and we hope to train the industry in increasing that to atleast 30% which will increase employment and economy,” said Dutch ambassador Alphonsus Stoelinga, in a press interaction.

The second project launched on the day is a public-private partnership to clean up Ganges where methods for conservation of water both at source and in the processing of leather, will be shared with workers. “Atleast two workers in around 5000 tanneries will be given the skills that will indirectly affect around 2,50,00 people,” said ambassador Stoelinga. He added, “A lot of water is wasted in cleaning the animal hide off salt before processing can be done. If this is just rubbed off like powder,water can be saved.”

Pre-treatment of water before it reaches the treatment plant that would cut down on the toxic elements released into the river and using the process of electrolysis making lime usable and reusable for treating animal hide, are also part of the skills to be enhanced. Supported by the Sustainable Water Fund Programme (FDW) with a grant of over Rs 2.3 million euros, the private partner from NEtherlands is a chemical company, Stahl which will work with Indian partners including Ganga Pollution Control Unit, Central Leather Research Institute and the local industry association.

Netherlands also inaugurated the Consulate for Kingdom of Netherlands and appointed Sharat Thadani as the first Dutch Honorary Consul in Lucknow on Monday. Dutch ambassador Alphonsus Stoelinga termed Netherlands as the first country to have its consulate in Uttar Pradesh. “This is a big state with tremendous potential and issues with water, agriculture and environment that Netherlands with its expertise can help ease out,” Stoelinga said.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News> City News> Lucknow News / by Yusra Hussain / TNN / November 13th, 2017

IIT Roorkee creates ‘low-cost’ fuel from algae

Roorkee:

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee have come up with a new method for production of biodiesel from microalgae (‘kai’ in indi), which they claim is low-cost and more effective.

Elaborating on the research, professor BR Gurjar, head of centre for transportation systems of the institute said, “Microalgae are considered to be one of the superior resources for production of biodiesel due to the species’ ability to produce higher biomass and accumulate more lipids, which are the target material for biodiesel production. To increase the rate of production and to make it cost-effective, we used heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae using low-cost organic carbon-based feedstock such as agro waste, molasses, municipal and industrial wastes. This resulted in an automotive quality in biodiesel production.”

The cost of feedstock and expense of operation are two crucial cost components in biodiesel production. The cost of feedstock alone accounts for about 60–70% of the total cost while the cost of the substrate is also a huge factor. The method employed by IIT Roorkee considerably reduces the cost of the substrate.

IIT Roorkee researchers used the algal-based crude glycerol in the production, which is a low-cost organic carbon source and the main byproduct of the biodiesel production process. Crude glycerol works as a media feedstock for cultivation of microalgae, thereby reducing the cost of the substrate to a negligible point.

Research showed that the use of crude glycerol enhanced the accumulation of the total lipid in the algal cells. Various analyses after the production of the fuel proved it was better in terms of quality and quantity. The fuel was also comparable to the existing vehicular fuel standards.

“The method used by the team is beneficial to the environment as there is no biodiversity loss attached to it. Moreover, it minimizes waste production by using materials like agro-waste and is able to produce an enhanced quantity and quality of biodiesel,” said Richa Katiyar, an associate in the research project.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News> City News> Bareilly News / by Tapan Susheel / TNN / November 03rd, 2017

IIT-Kanpur scientist-led team designs nano-machines that can correct anomalies inside living cells

New Delhi :

In a feat that may be clinically significant in near future, researchers led by a young structural biologist from the Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur have created nano-size machines that can crawl inside living cells to correct anomalies often linked to diseases.

These ‘nano-machines’ are made of fragments of antibodies and can be made to selectively target signalling events inside living cells. “They can be designed in such a manner that they regulate one arm of the signalling mechanism while leaving others completely untouched,” said IIT scientist Arun Kumar Shukla, who led a multi-institutional team for this work, which appeared in journal Nature Nanotechnology on Monday.

The technique may have therapeutic potential in certain diseases which otherwise are considered untreatable, such as type I diabetes and retinitis pigmentosa, a class of genetic disorders that result in progressive loss of eyesight.

The scientists showed that these specially prepared antibody fragments work by targeting selective functions of a class of proteins inside the cell called beta-arrestins. Beta-arrestins are significant because they regulate the action of a family of receptors called G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR) found on the surface of each living cell.

Physiological receptors

These receptors are at the centre of every physiological process in our body. For example, we see things when photons (light particles) fall on rhodopsin molecules (GPCR receptors present in the retina), get the smell when the receptors in nostril cells get activated, and flee when an impending danger approaches us as GPCRs in different types of cells receive chemical cues in the form of hormones. These receptors also regulate everything from heartbeats to immune response. Scientists have already identified nearly 1,000 different GPCRs in the human body.

According to Shukla, beta-arrestins play a critical role in impeding the normal function of GPCR, particularly in cells that are not healthy, normal cells. “Beta-arrestins that bind with GPCR proteins pull the latter inside the cells and form a complex with another class of proteins called clathrin. Such complexes are typically headed for doom.”

The scientists found that the antibody fragments prevent beta-arrestin proteins from binding to clathrin and thus help the receptors stay at the cell surface longer, where they continue to do their normal function. “What these antibody fragments do here is to hinter beta-arrestin-GPCR complex from binding to clathrin, which is a sure-shot way to destruct the receptor,” Shukla said.

He, however, said their work was currently only a proof of concept. As a next, they plan to find a way to deliver these tiny antibody fragments inside lab-bred cells so that they can explore their actual potential.

Apart from IIT-Kanpur researchers, their compatriots from the Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, and a few universities in the US and Canada were part of the team.

source: http://www.thehindubusinessline.com / Business Line / Home> News> Science / by TV Jayan / October 03rd, 2017

Two ex-IIT-BHU students develop reverse osmosis-based water purifier

Kanpur :

Concerned over wastage of water from the RO water systems, two ex-students of IIT-BHU were successful in developing cost and energy efficient water purifier called ‘Aquvio’.

The patentable technology was developed two years ago.

In Aquvio’s cost and energy saving Reverse Osmosis-based water purifier, only 30% of water is rejected and 70% is available for drinking purposes. Recognising the potential of Aquvio, IIT-Kanpur granted a seed funding of Rs 20 lakh to the company run by these ex-IIT-BHU students.

The duo–Naveen Kumar and Rohit Kumar Mittal–who had developed Aquvio in just two years, were successful in getting 60 Aquvio water purifiers installed across schools and colleges in Varanasi. Four such water purifiers were also installed at an Army unit in the holy city. With fresh round of funding, Naveen and Rohit are hopeful that they will be able to take forward their mission of saving water. In the last one year, Aquvio managed to save one crore litre of water.

Talking to TOI over phone, Naveen, who passed out from IIT-BHU in 2014 said, “Aquvio’s water filters significantly reduce the amount of water wasted as compared to modern RO water systems. In water purifiers available in the market, 70% of the water is drained out, which is nothing but a wastage in the current scenario of water crisis in our country. In Aquvio’s cost and energy saving Reverse Osmosis-based water purifier, only 30% of the water is rejected and 70% is available for drinking purpose. Aquvio water purifiers also consume less power”.

Naveen said that while the first water purifier was developed and launched in the market in August 2015 after eight months of research, 60 products have been installed in different schools and colleges in Varanasi. “The technology used in Aquvio has already been patented. This patented technology only ensures that out of four litre of water only one litre gets drained and the remaining water is available for drinking purpose. It significantly helps in saving water”, he further said.

Aquvio has two water purifiers that can filter huge quantities of water (100 litre per hour and 50 litre per hour) and are fit for use in corporate offices or schools/colleges.

When asked about the cost of a single piece of Aquvio, Naveen replied that Aquvio, dispensing 50 litre of water per hour costs Rs 50,000. “We are in the mode of expansion. At present our company is based in Malviya centre in IIT-BHU but soon we will have a manufacturing unit out of the institute campus. We shall base ourselves somewhere in Delhi/NCR. At present 16 full time employees are working in our company”, said Naveen while talking about the expansion plans of his start-up. He said that he had accepted the job offer from a company during the campus placement drive but he did not join and after completing his BTech in 2014 he started with his water purification project.

“The fact that Aquvio purifiers are cost and energy efficient as well as helping in water conservation is what aligns the start-up with the aim of the INVENT programme, under which SIIC (SIDBI Innovation and Incubation Centre) has funded the company. IIT-Kanpur has granted a seed funding of Rs 20 lakh to a cost and energy efficient water purifier start-up called Aquvio (iMinbit Technologies Pvt. Ltd.), based in Varanasi”, said Prof Sameer Khandekar, associate dean, Innovation and Incubation, IIT-Kanpur.

“We are excited to welcome Aquvio into IIT Kanpur’s social incubation programme which has seen rapid growth over the last six months. With a majority of India’s cities and towns reeling under water crisis, Aquvio’s water-saving ROtechnology not only reduces water wastage but also provides sustainable potable water to the underprivileged communities,” said Prof Khandekar.

Aquvio has been recognised by Startup India Standup India, a Government of India initiative, Naveen said.
INVENT is a collaboration between the Technology Development Board, Government of India and the Department for International Development, Government of the United Kingdom.

As on June 30, IIT-Kanpur has received the highest number of incubation applications approved among the three other INVENT incubators in the country. The institute’s INVENT programme has been operational since August 2016 and has so far funded nine social enterprises.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News> City News> Kanpur News / by Abhinav Malhotra / TNN / July 14th, 2017

Women to get 2 new birth control options today

Lucknow :

Contraceptive created by city-based Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) will get national launch when it is made available in government hospitals on World Population Day on Tuesday.

Earlier known as Saheli, the oral contraceptive has been renamed Chhaya and is a non-hormonal (no effect on hormonal milieu of the body) pill that will now be freely available in all government hospitals.

Another contraceptive, an injectable variant Antara will also be launched the same day by state minister for women, child and family welfare, Rita Bahuguna Joshi at Veerangana Avanti Bai hospital.

The two contraceptives launched by the government sector will give women additional options, especially during their postpartum period and in the lactation stage.

Organising a programme for the launch at King George’s Medical University (KGMU) that will be held later in the day, Dr Vinita Das, head of the obstetrics and gynaecology department said, “There was huge demand for contraceptives in these two stages when women are highly vulnerable but can also be counselled. The rate of institutional deliveries and contraceptive acceptance has increased and the government has also changed its policy from permanent contraception to giving ideal space between children.”

Informing about the benefits of Antara and Chhaya, Das said, “Antara is a three-monthly injectable, safe and highly effective way for contraception in lactating mothers and fertility returns within six to eight months of stopping the injection. Chhaya, on the other hand, is the only non-hormonal contraceptive, to be taken initially twice weekly for three months and then once a week till contraception is desired and it can be stopped whenever a woman wants to conceive.”

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News> City News> Kanpur News / TNN / July 12th, 2017

Faqeer Khera village in Uttar Pradesh electrified 69 years after Independence

Majra Faqeer Khera finally became one of hundreds of villages across the country that has been provided electricity for the first time since independence in a special drive to electrify all the villages of state.

35 connections have been given to below poverty line families.(HT Photo)

Power reached Majra Faqeer Khera village in Mohanlaganj area of state capital 69 years after independence. Villagers danced when the first bulb was switched on in the house of a villager Bechan.

The village finally became one of hundreds of villages across the country that has been provided electricity for the first time since independence in a special drive to electrify all the villages of state.

On the first day, 35 connections to BPL families and 1 to APL family was given, said GM LESA Ashutosh Srivastava who adopted the village and ensured power lines within 20 days of adoption of village.

“ I have directed all the engineers to adopt a village in their respective areas which do not have power yet. However, in this village under Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana of the centre, only Rs 21 lakh were spent for creating the power infrastructure ,” said Srivastava.

For Bitana Devi 31, Electrification means a lot as her son can study any time he wants. “My son, a student of Class 5 was not able to study at nights. Now he can do so,” she said.

Shatrughan, 59, another resident, said, “ We have studied and spent our lives using lanterns. Now our kids can live a better life.”

Chandan, a shop owner said, “ Earlier our day started with sun rise and finished with sunset but now we will have a life after sunset too. Electrification will help students, traders and farmers in increasing their output. ”

Gaj Prasad cleaned his refrigerator today which he received in his marriage as a gift from his in laws five years back. H would be able to use it at last, he said, adding gleefully, “Now we can drink chilled water and save our food from rotting.”

source: http://www.hindustantimes.com / Hindustan Times / Home> Cities> Lucknow / by HT Correspondent, Hindustan Times,Lucknow / June 12th, 2017

Research needs to be multi-disciplinary: Award-winning duo

Bengaluru :

The scientific landscape in India must move in an organic way towards an environment that encourages multi-disciplinary research so as to address the challenges that the country and the world face, scientists say.

G Mugesh from the department of inorganic and physical chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), said: “There is no doubt that people working with different interfaces need to be encouraged. The challenges before us have shown that just one discipline is not enough, for example, to tackle several diseases that the world at large and India face.”

Mugesh was conferred the National Prizes for Interfaces between Chemistry and Biology (2017), instituted by the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru, in collaboration with CNR Rao Education Foundation. The award is donated by AVRA Laboratories, Hyderabad.

This year’s award is also being conferred on Sandeep Verma of Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur.

“Compared to 20 years ago, when I joined IIT-Kanpur after my PhD and postdoctoral research in the US, there is a lot of change. All my training in the US was on how to do multi-disciplinary research and when I returned I found that the scientific landscape in India was still very puritan. Researchers like working in their respective areas and seldom interacted with other disciplines.”

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / Home> City News> Bangalore News / TNN / June 06th, 2017

Revered ‘Parijaat’ to have its clones

Lucknow :

Wishes have no end and a mythical wish-granting tree should never die. More so if the tree is worshipped as a deity and believed to have roots in the Mahabharata.

Barabanki’s revered Parijaat will now have it clones grown in the same campus where the tree has existed for hundreds of years, attracting devotees from all over, in Kintoor village of the district. The objective is to keep the legacy of the tree alive after it’s dead and gone. NBRI would prepare clones of the tree through cuttings and tissue culture.

At least three clone-trees would be planted around the mother tree.

Besides, NBRI would also do a molecular study to find out the place of origin of the Barabanki tree. Parijaat (Adansonia digitata) is an exotic tree, an African specie with peculiar features. It’s a matter of study from where it reached Barabanki.

Though there is no written account of the tree’s history, it is believed the tree has existed from the days of Pandavas. It is said to have come out of the ‘samudra manthan’ (churning of ocean) and brought to earth by Arjun from the garden of Indra for his mother Kunti. It’s said after Kunti offered Parijaat’s flowers to Lord Shiva that Pandavas won the battle of Mahabharat.

Since it’s the age of the tree that has always intrigued scientists and forest officers efforts would be made to know how old the tree is through carbon dating. “We will ask BSIP (Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleobotany) to study the age of the tree,” said senior principal scientist, NBRI, S K Tiwari.

Team of NBRI scientists including the director, Prof Sk Barik, visited the site of the tree on Friday. National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), a CSIR laboratory, has been treating the tree since February 2016 after forest department, that takes care of the tree, sought help from the laboratory.

Parijaat, said to be a wish-granting tree (kalpvriksha), draws devotees from far-off places all the year round. Due to sugary offerings made at the place, the tree was found infected with termites when NBRI visited the site in February last year. It also had fungal and bacterial infections.

NBRI had administered chemical treatment to the tree initially and recommended a microbial biopesticide (Bacillus based inoculants) to be applied on the trunk and leaves of the tree thrice in a year to keep it clean of infections. The institute also gave Bacillus packets to forest department.

“The base of the tree still seems affected and we have suggested ways to the forest department,” said the scientist. A medicated mud, mixed with fungicide and insecticide, would be put all around the tree upto one feet.

This would control degeneration from the bottom. While the aerial spray of disinfectants would continue to keep tree free of pests and fungi.

Besides, NBRI would also try to establish a link between the other age-old Parijaat trees reported in the state with that of Barabanki’ tree. “We got to know of old Parijaat trees in Basti and Sultanpur. Then these old trees are also present in NBRI campus and zoo. We will do molecular study to find out where the other trees have come from,” said the scientist.

source: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com / The Times of India / News> City News> Lucknow News / by Neha Shukla / TNN / May 05th, 2017